{"id":83408,"date":"2025-01-17T13:26:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-17T12:26:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/?page_id=83408"},"modified":"2025-02-06T14:58:17","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T13:58:17","slug":"department-of-heliophysics-and-space-physics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-of-astronomy\/department-of-heliophysics-and-space-physics\/","title":{"rendered":"Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-ugb-container ugb-container blok_nowa_podstrona ugb-8dda971 ugb-container--v2 ugb-container--design-plain ugb-main-block\"><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-container__wrapper ugb-8dda971-wrapper\"><div class=\"ugb-container__side\"><div class=\"ugb-container__content-wrapper ugb-8dda971-content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns bs-news-page is-layout-flex wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column bs-kontakt-photo is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest.png\" alt=\"Zdj\u0119cie s\u0142o\u0144ca\" class=\"wp-image-45573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest.png 1024w, https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-48x48.png 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column bs-contact-right-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-bonasoft-modular-breadcrumbs-block\"><div class=\"bs_add_breadcrumb_trail\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-black-color has-css-opacity has-black-background-color has-background is-style-wide bs-border-kontakt\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading bs-naglowek-podstrony\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--ast-global-color-8)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"bs__links\">\r\n    <div class=\"bs__links__section\">\r\n        <ul class=\"bs__links__list\">\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_suntoday.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Sun today \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_sundescrip.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Guide \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_prom_atlas.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Atlas of Solar Prominences \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_mk_katalog.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Small Coronagraph Catalogue \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_galeria_1.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Gallery \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_bialkow_observatory.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Bia\u0142k\u00f3w \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_pogoda.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Weather \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_metprojekc.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        How to observe \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                            <li class=\"bs__links__list__item\">\r\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_safety.html\" class=\"bs__links__list__item__link\">\r\n                        Safety \r\n                        <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__before__icon\">\r\n                            <div class=\"bs__links__list__item__link__icon\">\r\n                                <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\">\r\n                                <g stroke=\"none\" strokeWidth=\"1\" fill=\"black\" fillRule=\"evenodd\">\r\n                                    <g>\r\n                                    <polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\" \/>\r\n                                    <\/g>\r\n                                <\/g>\r\n                                <\/svg>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <li>\r\n                    <\/ul>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ugb-container ugb-container bs-news-page-under ugb-f8694ce ugb-container--v2 ugb-container--design-plain ugb-main-block\"><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-container__wrapper ugb-f8694ce-wrapper\"><div class=\"ugb-container__side\"><div class=\"ugb-container__content-wrapper ugb-f8694ce-content-wrapper\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--ast-global-color-8)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">The Sun<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span><strong style=\"font-style: italic\">&#8220;And in the midst of all bodies the Sun has his seat. (&#8230;) It is not without reason that some call him the lantern of the world, others its mind, still others its ruler.&#8221; Nicolaus Copernicus<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heliophysics, of which the main subject of research is the <strong>Sun<\/strong>, is one of three fields of astronomy performed in the IA UWr. Currently ten scientists converging in the <strong>Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics<\/strong> (U. B\u0105k-St\u0119\u015blicka, A. Berlicki, R. Falewicz, R. Getko, J. Jakimiec, T. Mrozek, P. Pre\u015b, K. Radziszewski, B. Rompolt (ret. prof.), P. Rudawy, and\u00a0 M. Tomczak) research the Sun and the impact of its radiation on the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most significant currently realized research projects in heliophysics are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul id=\"block-5db78ce4-9e54-4360-a459-9e96ddb2e58f\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Analysis of the mechanisms of energy release in solar flares.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modeling the behavior and properties of hot flash plasma.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Searching for mechanisms of solar corona heating, including:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Study of the oscillations of the solar corona based on observations made during solar eclipses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Analysis of flare activity in quiet areas of the Sun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Observations of active phenomena (sunspots, prominences, flares) using coronagraphs in Bia\u0142k\u00f3w and Wroc\u0142aw together with other ground and satellite observatories. Study of dynamics, kinematics, and morphological changes of solar prominences.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forecasting of periodic and quasi-periodic solar phenomena.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Study of the relationship between solar activity and the parameters of the solar wind and cosmic radiation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Study of radio bursts on the Sun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>At the disposal of Wroc\u0142aw heliophysicists remain the following observation devices: 53-cm Large Coronagraph, 15-cm Horizontal Telescope with a 30-cm Jensch coelostat, and MSDP spectrograph set up in the observatory in Bia\u0142k\u00f3w as well as the 13-cm Small Coronagraph set up in the IA UWr. They also use satellite observations, most of all from the satellites&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov\/\">SOHO<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/solar.physics.montana.edu\/sxt\/\">YOHKOH<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TRACE\">TRACE<\/a>, and&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/hesperia.gsfc.nasa.gov\/hessi\/\">RHESSI<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Last updated: 7 June 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br>SAFETY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>WARNING: While performing solar observations it is crucial to always remember that all observations are potentially DANGEROUS. It is necessary to take extraordinary precautions in order to avoid permanent eye damage! Observers of solar phenomena visible on its disk must always follow general safety rules stated on this site.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>NEVER LOOK STRAIGHT AT THE SUN WITHOUT ADEQUATE EYE PROTECTION &#8211; YOU COULD BE BLINDED WITHIN SECONDS!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>IF YOU ARE NOT A PROFESSIONAL OBSERVER OF THE SUN, OBSERVE ONLY BY&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_metprojekc.html\">PROJECTION METHOD<\/a>*&nbsp;I.E. PROJECTING AN IMAGE OF THE SUN ONTO A SCREEN OR USING AN ATTESTED FILTER REDUCING THE SUNLIGHT INTENSITY LEVEL IN THE WHOLE WIDTH RANGE (INCLUDING UV AND IR) TO AN ACCEPTABLE LEVEL.<\/strong><br>*opens to a webpage in Polish<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>NEVER OBSERVE THE SUN DIRECTLY THROUGH A TELESCOPE, BINOCULARS, OR OTHER OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS EVEN IF THEY ARE EQUIPPED WITH SOME FILTER. SUCH OBSERVATIONS CAN BE DONE ONLY BY EXPERIENCED ASTRONOMERS WITH ADEQUATE EQUIPMENT.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: var(--ast-global-color-8)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">EVEN IF YOU ARE AN EXCELLENT OBSERVER OF THE SUN AND USE FILTERS, ALWAYS MAKE SURE YOU USE CORRECT OPTICAL FILTERS TO PROTECT YOUR EYES.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each person that observes the Sun does it only on their own responsibility. The authors of this website are not liable for the consequences of any actions taken by anyone in relation to observations of the Sun or phenomena on its disk<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For most observers, and especially for all who are not particularly experienced amateur astronomers, <strong>the only SAFE method of visual observations of solar eclipses is projecting the solar disk onto a screen or using an attested filter reducing the sunlight intensity level in the whole width range (including UV and IR!!!) to an acceptable level.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The page (in Polish)&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/helio.astro.uni.wroc.pl\/helio_metprojekc.html\">www:\/\/ helio. astro. uni. wroc. pl\/ helio_ metprojekc. html<\/a>&nbsp;contains a detailed description of conducting observations of the Sun by an easy and completely safe method of projecting an image onto a screen. This method enables viewing the image of the disk of the Sun by multiple observers at the same time, which makes it perfectly suitable to use during shows for large groups, e.g. schools. Sun image projection was used by many excellent astronomers, among others by Christopher Schneier and Johannes Havelius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2022\/07\/mt-2003-projection-icon.jpg\" alt=\"metoda projekcyjna\" class=\"wp-image-31603\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;width:147px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: var(--ast-global-color-8)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE SUN<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Radius<\/th><td>696 260 \u00b1 70 km<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Mass<\/th><td>(1.9891 \u00b1 0.0012) \u00b7 10<sup>30<\/sup>&nbsp;kg<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Radiation power<\/th><td>(3.845 \u00b1 0.006) \u00b7 10<sup>26<\/sup>&nbsp;W<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Average density<\/th><td>1408 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Effective temperature<\/th><td>5 777 \u00b1 2.5 K<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Age<\/th><td>4.54 \u00b7 10<sup>9<\/sup>&nbsp;years<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Central temperature<\/th><td>15.4 \u00b7 10<sup>6<\/sup>&nbsp;K<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Central pressure<\/th><td>2.37 \u00b7 10<sup>16<\/sup>&nbsp;N\/m<sup>2<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Radiant zone radius<\/th><td>5.15 \u00b7 10<sup>5<\/sup>&nbsp;km<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Radiant zone mass<\/th><td>98% of the mass of the Sun<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Convective layer thickness<\/th><td>1.81 \u00b7 10<sup>5<\/sup>&nbsp;km<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Convective layer mass<\/th><td>&lt; 1.7% of the mass of the Sun<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Photosphere thickness<\/th><td>500 km<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Photosphere temperature<\/th><td>5 800 K<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Minimum temp. layer temperature<\/th><td>4 200 K<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Chromosphere temperature<\/th><td>4 200 K &#8211; 25 000 K<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Chromosphere thickness<\/th><td>ca. 2000 km<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Transition layer temperature<\/th><td>25 000 K &#8211; 10<sup>6<\/sup>&nbsp;K<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Corona temperature<\/th><td>&gt; 10<sup>6<\/sup>&nbsp;K<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Mean distance Sun &#8211; Earth<\/th><td>149 597 870 \u00b1 2 km<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Minimum distance Sun &#8211; Earth<\/th><td>147.1 \u00b7 10<sup>6<\/sup>&nbsp;km (in January)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Maximum distance Sun &#8211; Earth<\/th><td>152.1 \u00b7 10<sup>6<\/sup>&nbsp;km (in July)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">The period of Earth&#8217;s orbit around the Sun<\/th><td>365<sup>d<\/sup>6<sup>h<\/sup>9<sup>m<\/sup>10<sup>s<\/sup>.5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics The Sun &#8220;And in the midst of all bodies the Sun has his seat. (&#8230;) It is not without reason that some call him the lantern of the world, others its mind, still others its ruler.&#8221; Nicolaus Copernicus Heliophysics, of which the main subject of research is the Sun, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7182,"featured_media":45573,"parent":83271,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83408","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest.png",1024,1024,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-300x300.png",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-768x768.png",768,768,true],"large":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest.png",1024,1024,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest.png",1024,1024,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest.png",1024,1024,false],"menu-24x24":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-24x24.png",24,24,true],"menu-36x36":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-36x36.png",36,36,true],"menu-48x48":["https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest-48x48.png",48,48,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"<p>Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics Sun today Guide Atlas of Solar Prominences Small Coronagraph Catalogue Gallery Bia\u0142k\u00f3w Weather How to observe Safety The Sun &#8220;And in the midst of all bodies the Sun has his seat. (&#8230;) It is not without reason that some call him the lantern of the world, others its mind, still others its ruler.&#8221; Nicolaus Copernicus Heliophysics, of which the main subject of research is the Sun, is one of three fields of astronomy performed in the IA UWr. Currently ten scientists converging in the Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics (U. B\u0105k-St\u0119\u015blicka, A. Berlicki,&hellip;<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Uncategorized","author_info_v2":{"name":"kswistak","url":"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/author\/kswistak\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics - Faculty of Physics and Astronomy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wydzia\u0142 Fizyki i Astronomii\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-of-astronomy\/department-of-heliophysics-and-space-physics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics - Faculty of Physics and Astronomy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wydzia\u0142 Fizyki i Astronomii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-of-astronomy\/department-of-heliophysics-and-space-physics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Faculty of Physics and Astronomy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-06T13:58:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/latest.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-of-astronomy\/department-of-heliophysics-and-space-physics\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-of-astronomy\/department-of-heliophysics-and-space-physics\/\",\"name\":\"Division of Heliophysics and Space Physics - 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